Djanngo项目部署到服务器
#开发 2025-06-07

Djanngo项目部署到服务器

virtualenv虚拟机

安装命令

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sudo apt install python3-virtualenv

创建虚拟机

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virtualenv env

注：env是虚拟机名

启动虚拟机

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source env/bin/activate

安装需要python包，如Django

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pip install django

运行python项目

使用git把包传进服务器

进入项目目录启动django

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python manage.py runserver

或

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python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8000

把静态文件放到指定目录

如 /home/static

注：不建议放root目录下，可能没权限访问

项目setting.py里设置

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STATIC_URL = '/static/'

STATICFILES_DIRS = [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static'),]
STATIC_ROOT = '/home/static/'

然后收集静态资源文件

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python manage.py collectstatic

安装和配置nginx

安装命令

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sudo apt install nginx

nginx目录/etc/nginx

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cd /etc/nginx

进入sites-enabled目录

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cd /etc/nginx/sites-enabled

里面的default文件

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##
# You should look at the following URL's in order to grasp a solid understanding
# of Nginx configuration files in order to fully unleash the power of Nginx.
# https://www.nginx.com/resources/wiki/start/
# https://www.nginx.com/resources/wiki/start/topics/tutorials/config_pitfalls/
# https://wiki.debian.org/Nginx/DirectoryStructure
#
# In most cases, administrators will remove this file from sites-enabled/ and
# leave it as reference inside of sites-available where it will continue to be
# updated by the nginx packaging team.
#
# This file will automatically load configuration files provided by other
# applications, such as Drupal or Wordpress. These applications will be made
# available underneath a path with that package name, such as /drupal8.
#
# Please see /usr/share/doc/nginx-doc/examples/ for more detailed examples.
##

# Default server configuration
#
server {
        listen 80 default_server;
        listen [::]:80 default_server;

        # SSL configuration
        #
        # listen 443 ssl default_server;
        # listen [::]:443 ssl default_server;
        #
        # Note: You should disable gzip for SSL traffic.
        # See: https://bugs.debian.org/773332
        #
        # Read up on ssl_ciphers to ensure a secure configuration.
        # See: https://bugs.debian.org/765782
        #
        # Self signed certs generated by the ssl-cert package
        # Don't use them in a production server!
        #
        # include snippets/snakeoil.conf;

        root /var/www/html;

        # Add index.php to the list if you are using PHP
        index index.html index.htm index.nginx-debian.html;

        server_name _;

        location / {
                # First attempt to serve request as file, then

不管它，直接删除

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rm default

新建一个配置文件

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vim cf.conf

添加到文件里 

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server {
    server_name www.com; #这里改为你的域名

    # 新添加的静态文件处理块
    location /static/ {
        alias /home/static/;  # 替换为您的STATIC_ROOT路径
        expires 30d;
        access_log on;
        add_header Cache-Control "public";
    }

    location / {
        include proxy_params;
        proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8000;
    }

}

保存好文件

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sudo nginx -t
#检查nginx配置语法，成功有successful字样

重载nginx

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sudo systemctl reload nginx
#或者
sudo nginx -s reload


sudo systemctl start nginx # 启动nginx
sudo systemctl stop nginx # 关闭nginx

开启80和443端口

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sudo ufw allow 80/tcp
sudo ufw allow 443/tcp

#查看防火墙状态
sudo ufw status

安装SSL证书并启用HTTPS

1. 安装Certbot和Nginx插件

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sudo apt install certbot python3-certbot-nginx

2. 获取SSL证书

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sudo certbot --nginx -d yourdomain.com -d www.yourdomain.com

(将yourdomain.com替换为你的实际域名)

3. 自动续期测试

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sudo certbot renew --dry-run

4. 修改Nginx配置自动重定向HTTP到HTTPS

在之前的nginx配置中添加：

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server {
    listen 80;
    server_name yourdomain.com www.yourdomain.com;
    return 301 https://$host$request_uri;
}

5. 重启Nginx使配置生效

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sudo systemctl restart nginx

这样就完成了HTTPS的配置，Certbot会自动处理证书续期问题。

注意：在执行这些命令前，请确保：

  1. 域名已解析到服务器IP
  2. 80和443端口已开放
  3. Nginx配置中的server_name与域名一致